Folia Parasitologica - Most viewed articles

The life cycle of Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) minutus (Nematoda: Cucullanidae)

Marianne Køie

Folia Parasitologica 48[4] 304-310 (2001) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2001.048  

Mature specimens of the nematode Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) minutus (Rudolphi, 1819) (Ascaridida, Cucullanidae, Seuratoidea) were obtained from the intestine of flounder Platichthys flesus (L.) caught in the Øresund, Denmark. Plaice Pleuronectes platessa L. and common goby Pomatoschistus microps (Kröyer) also harbour this species. The eggs embryonate on the seabottom. Larvae about 440 µm long, and believed to be in their third stage, hatch from the eggs. These larvae are not directly infective to flounders or gobies. The polychaete Nereis diversicolor O.F. Müller acts as obligatory intermediate...

New oxyuroid nematodes of the genera Ichthyouris and Spinoxyuris from South American freshwater fishes

František Moravec, Vernon E. Thatcher

Folia Parasitologica 48[4] 311-320 (2001) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2001.049  

Three hitherto unknown oxyuroid nematode species of the family Pharyngodonidae are described from the intestine of South American freshwater fishes, two of them being established as species new to science: Spinoxyuris annulata sp. n. from Myleus ternetzi (Norman) (Serrasalmidae) from French Guiana (Sinnamary River) and Ichthyouris ovifilamentosa sp. n. from Cichlasoma sp. (Cichlidae) from Amazonas (Negro River, São Gabriel da Cachoeira), Brazil. A third species, recovered from the same host as the latter (Cichlasoma sp.), was identified only as Ichthyouris sp. because of the absence of the male, although...

Two new species of the family Syringophilidae (Acari: Cheyletoidea) from passeriform birds collected in the Altai

Andre Bochkov, Dmitry Apanaskevich

Folia Parasitologica 48[4] 321-325 (2001) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2001.050  

Two new species of the syringophilid mites (Acari: Syringophilidae) are described from quills of passeriform birds. Syringophilopsis faini sp. n. is described from Sylvia curruca (L.) (Sylviidae) and Syringophiloidus carpodaci sp. n. is described from Carpodacus erythrinus (Pall.) (Fringillidae). Characters are detailed that differentiate Syringophilopsis faini from three species of a new "turdus" group, and Syringophiloidus carpodaci from S. minor.

Fine structure of erythrocytic stages of a Plasmodium tropiduri-like malaria parasite found in the lizard Kentropyx calcarata (Teiidae) from north Brazil

Ilan Paperna, Ralph Lainson

Folia Parasitologica 49[1] 2-8 (2002) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2002.002  

The fine structure is described of the merogonic stages and gametocytes of a Plasmodium tropiduri Aragão et Neiva, 1909-like parasite infecting the teiid lizard Kentropyx calcarata Spix from North Brazil. The trophozoites are bordered by two membranes, and with growth a pellicle is formed by the addition of an inner, thick double layer and fragmented membrane. The same type of inner membrane occurs in the pellicle of the merozoites differentiating from the meronts. Merozoites contained a large electron-dense body, sometimes seen to be embraced by a tubular mitochondrion with a dense matrix. Micro- and macrogametocytes are bounded...

Neotropical Monogenoidea. 40. Protorhinoxenus prochilodi gen. n., sp. n. (Monogenoidea: Ancyrocephalinae), parasite of Prochilodus lineatus (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) from South Brazil

Marcus V. Domingues, Walter A. Boeger

Folia Parasitologica 49[1] 35-38 (2002) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2002.009  

The monotypic Protorhinoxenus gen. n. is proposed to accommodate a species with the following characteristics: 1) tubular sclerotised vagina, 2) vaginal pore dextrolateral, 3) ventral and dorsal anchors with undifferentiated elongate shaft and base (representing approximately 2/3 of the length of anchor), and 4) superficial and deep roots of ventral and dorsal anchors lacking. Protorhinoxenus prochilodi sp. n. is described from the gills of Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes) of the Represa Capivari-Cachoeira, Municipality of Campina Grande do Sul, metropolitan area of Curitiba, Paraná. Specimens of other probable new species...

House fly (Musca domestica) as a transport vector of Cryptosporidium parvum

Antonio Clavel, Olga Doiz, Santiago Morales, Marzo Varea, Cristina Seral, F. Javier Castillo, Jesús Fleta, Carmen Rubio, Rafael Gómez-Lus

Folia Parasitologica 49[2] 163-164 (2002) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2002.029  

Ultrastructure of pigmented photoreceptor of adult Crepidostomum metoecus (Trematoda: Digenea: Bunoderidae)

Zdeňka Žďárská, Jana Nebesářová

Folia Parasitologica 49[2] 165-166 (2002) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2002.030  

A new atractid nematode, Atractis vidali sp. n. (Nematoda: Atractidae), from cichlid fishes in southern Mexico

David González-Solís, František Moravec

Folia Parasitologica 49[3] 227-230 (2002) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2002.041  

A new nematode species, Atractis vidali sp. n., is described from the intestine of cichlid fishes, Vieja intermedia (Günther) (type host) and Cichlasoma pearsei (Hubbs), from specimens collected in three localities in the Mexican states of Campeche (Santa Gertrudis Creek) and Chiapas (Cedros and Lacanjá Rivers). It differs from the only other atractid species reported in fishes of Mexico, Atractis bravoae, mainly in possessing two very unequal spicules. In contrast to the 10 species parasitising amphibians and reptiles in America, the new species has a longer body, spicules and a gubernaculum, and a different distribution...

Trickle and single infection with Discocotyle sagittata (Monogenea: Polyopisthocotylea): effect of exposure mode on parasite abundance and development

Miguel Rubio-Godoy, Richard C. Tinsley

Folia Parasitologica 49[4] 269-278 (2002) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2002.051  

Experimental infection of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) with the monogenean Discocotyle sagittata (Leuckart, 1842) allowed comparison between trickle and single exposure, two infection modes demonstrated to occur in the wild. Both types of infection resulted in mean larval attachment success around 50%, which was significantly dependent on dose of infective larvae used (P < 0.0001), but was not affected by mode of infection (P = 0.244). Worms recovered from fish exposed to the same number of oncomiracidia but different mode of infection differed in their rate of development. The developmental stage attained by parasites...

Anthobothrium altavelae sp. n. (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) from the spiny butterfly ray Gymnura altavela (Elasmobranchii: Gymnuridae) in Tunisia

Lassâd Neifar, Louis Euzet, Oum Kalthoum Ben Hassine

Folia Parasitologica 49[4] 295-298 (2002) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2002.054  

Seven Gymnura altavela (Linnaeus, 1758) (Elasmobranchii, Myliobatiformes) caught off the Tunisian coast were examined for endoparasites during a three-year period (1995-1998). A phyllobothriid cestode new to science was found in the spiral intestine of all host specimens. The presence of a tetrabothridiate scolex, bothridia lacking an apical sucker, laciniate strobila, and possession of postvaginal testes are sufficient to place this species in the genus Anthobothrium Van Beneden, 1850. In this genus, we consider that only two species, both previously reported from carcharhiniform sharks, are valid: Anthobothrium cornucopia Van...

Three new species of the ectoparasitic mites of the genus Syringophiloidus Kethley, 1970 (Acari: Syringophilidae) from passeriform birds from Slovakia

Maciej Skoracki

Folia Parasitologica 49[4] 305-313 (2002) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2002.057  

Three new quill mite species of the genus Syringophiloidus Kethley, 1970 (Acari: Syringophilidae) from Slovakia are described and figured: S. bombycillae sp. n. from the waxwing Bombycilla garrulus (L.) (Passeriformes: Bombycillidae), S. schoeniclus sp. n. from the reed bunting Emberiza schoeniclus L. (Passeriformes: Emberizidae) and S. montanus sp. n. from the tree sparrow Passer montanus (L.) (Passeriformes: Ploceidae). A key to all known species of the genus Syringophiloidus is given.

Long-lasting anticryptosporidial activity of nitazoxanide in an immunosuppressed rat model

Xunde Li, Philippe Brasseur, Patrice Agnamey, Denis Leméteil, Loïc Favennec, Jean-Jacques Ballet, Jean-François Rossignol

Folia Parasitologica 50[1] 19-22 (2003) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2003.003  

Cryptosporidium parvum, Tyzzer, 1912 is identified as a common cause of diarrhoea in immunocompetent individuals. In immunocompromised, especially HIV-infected subjects, cryptosporidiosis causes severe chronic diarrhoea. In this study, nitazoxanide (NTZ) was compared for curative activity with sinefungin (SNF) and paromomycin (PRM) in immunosuppressed rats, a screening model for anticryptosporidial agents. NTZ at either 50 mg/kg/day, 100 mg/kg/day or 200 mg/kg/day resulted in seven days in a dose-dependent inhibition of oocyst shedding similar to that obtained with SNF (10 mg/kg/day) and PRM (100 mg/kg/day). Further discontinuation of SNF or...

Pseudoallencotyla gen. n., a new genus for Allencotyla pricei (Kritsky, Noble et Moser, 1978) (Monogenea: Heteraxinidae), with a key to genera of Heteraxininae

Francisco E. Montero, F. Javier Aznar, Mercedes Fernández, Juan A. Raga

Folia Parasitologica 50[1] 43-47 (2003) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2003.007  

In this study, we clarify the taxonomic status of Allencotyla pricei based on a re-examination of paratypes and voucher specimens. Four important characters are added to previous descriptions: the vagina is ventral; the cirrus is absent; the eggs are fusiform and have two polar filaments (one about 3.5 times longer than the other); and, there are two flat sclerites at each side of the dorsal trident-shaped sclerite in the clamps. A comparison of A. pricei with species from all the genera of the Heteraxininae, including Allencotyla mcintoshi, indicates that A. pricei has several exclusive characters, i.e., a ventral vagina,...

Mormyrogyrodactylus gemini gen. et sp. n. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae), a new gyrodactylid from Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Mormyridae) from South Africa

Wilmien J. Luus-Powell, Sevid N. Mashego, Lotfi F. Khalil

Folia Parasitologica 50[1] 49-55 (2003) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2003.009  

Mormyrogyrodactylus gemini gen. et sp. n. (Gyrodactylidea: Gyrodactylidae), a viviparous monogenean is described from the skin and fins of Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Peters) from South Africa. This new genus is unique in having a large cup-shaped cirrus armed with one large needle-like spine and numerous small hair-like spinelets. A peduncular bar is present. The haptor is clearly demarcated from the body and situated on a small pedicle. The haptor has one pair of large anchors, a ventral bar complex, a small dorsal bar and 16 evenly spaced marginal hooks. The ventral bar complex consists of three parts: an inverted U-shaped piece with...

The endogenous development, described by light and electron microscopy, of Eimeria jamescooki sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the skink Cryptoblepharus virgatus

Ilan Paperna

Folia Parasitologica 50[2] 89-96 (2003) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2003.016  

Eimeria jamescooki sp. n. was recovered from the skink Cryptoblepharus virgatus (Garman) found on the grounds of James Cook University, Townsville (type locality), North Queensland, Australia. Oocysts were 17.5-25.0 (22.1 ± 1.9) × 15-22.5 (17.7 ± 1.6) µm and sporocysts 6.25-10.0 (7.9 ± 1.15) × 3.75-6.25 (5.3 ± 1.0) µm in size. Endogenous stages are described from histological material examined by light microscope and by transmission electron microscope. Both merogony stages and gamonts were found to develop in the cytoplasm of the anterior gut mucosal epithelium. Meront progeny were comprised of...

Redescription of Pterygodermatites (Mesopectines) nycticebi (Mönnig, 1920) (Nematoda: Rictulariidae), a parasite of slow loris Nycticebus coucang (Mammalia: Primates)

Yatsukaho Ikeda, Akiko Fujisaki, Koichi Murata, Hideo Hasegawa

Folia Parasitologica 50[2] 115-120 (2003) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2003.020  

Pterygodermatites (Mesopectines) nycticebi (Mönnig, 1920) (Nematoda: Spirurida: Rictulariidae) is redescribed based on immature and mature adults collected from the stomach and small intestine at autopsy of a slow loris, Nycticebus coucang (Boddaert, 1785) (Mammalia: Primates), in a zoological garden in Japan. It is first demonstrated that male possesses a minute telamon and a left lateral pore in the preanal part of body. The cause of death of the slow loris is strongly surmised to be related to the nematode infection, which was apparently acquired under captivity in the zoological garden.

Systematic status of Manaosia bracodemoca Woodland, 1935 and Paramonticellia itaipuensis Pavanelli et Rego, 1991 (Eucestoda: Proteocephalidea), parasites of Sorubim lima (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from South America

Alain de Chambrier

Folia Parasitologica 50[2] 121-127 (2003) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2003.021  

Type material of the proteocephalidean cestodes Manaosia bracodemoca Woodland, 1935 and Paramonticellia itaipuensis Pavanelli et Rego, 1991 (both monotypic genera) as well as recently collected material of the latter species are redescribed. A close similarity between both species was observed: the shape of scoleces is identical, both possess a globular scolex with hidden suckers, a well-developed circular, horseshoe-shaped musculature surrounding suckers; the measurements of both taxa are also similar (scolex, suckers, young proglottides). Both cestodes possess a medullary ovary crossing the dorsal muscle layer and ending in the dorsal...

Posterotestes unelen gen. et sp. n. (Digenea: Apocreadiidae) from Percichthys trucha (Osteichthyes: Percichthyidae) in Patagonia, Argentina

Margarita Ostrowskide Núñez, Norma Brugni, Verónica R. Flores

Folia Parasitologica 50[3] 211-214 (2003) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2003.037  

Posterotestes gen. n. (Digenea: Apocreadiidae, Apocreadiinae) is proposed for specimens with the following features: spiny body, posterior position of gonads, extension of vitelline follicles up to level of intestinal bifurcation and absent at post-testicular space, long oesophagus and extension of caeca up to anterior testis. Posterotestes unelen sp. n. is described from the intestine of the native fish, Percichthys trucha (Cuvier et Valenciennes) (Osteichthyes: Percichthyidae) from Patagonian Andean lakes.

Babesia microti: parasitaemia and antibody responses to primary and challenge infections in BALB/c mice

Katarzyna Pastusiak, Ewa Konopka, Maria Doligalska, Edward Siński

Folia Parasitologica 50[3] 237-239 (2003) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2003.040  

The role of mite pocket-like structures on Agama caudospinosa (Agamidae) infested by Pterygosoma livingstonei sp. n. (Acari: Prostigmata: Pterygosomatidae)

Michel Bertrand, David Modrý

Folia Parasitologica 51[1] 61-66 (2004) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2004.009  

Pterygosoma livingstonei sp. n. collected from the Kenyan lizard Agama caudospinosa Meek shows morphological affinities with other South African congener species parasitizing lizards of the genus Agama, especially with P. triangulare Lawrence, 1936, but it differs in having glabrous genua II and III. P. livingstonei shows affinities with the Lawrence's hispida species group in the characters of genital and peripheral setae. This new species was found concentrated in a nuchal "mite pocket-like structure", a behaviour previously unreported among species belonging to the genus Pterygosoma. Mite pockets...

Intraoligochaete development of Myxobolus intimus (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae), a gill myxosporean of the roach (Rutilus rutilus)

Orsolya Z. Rácz, Csaba Székely, Kálmán Molnár

Folia Parasitologica 51[2/3] 199-207 (2004) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2004.023  

The infection with Myxobolus intimus Zaika, 1965 in the gills of the roach Rutilus rutilus (L.) from Lake Balaton was recorded in 28 out of the 39 fish examined. Developing and mature plasmodia were detected on the gills exclusively in the spring. The Myxobolus intimus infection was found only in 2- to 3-year-old fish. In histological sections, young plasmodia were found in capillaries of the secondary lamellae. More mature, round plasmodia 0.4-0.6 mm in diameter, deformed the respiratory lamellae. The intraoligochaete development of M. intimus was studied in experimentally infected oligochaetes. In two experiments, uninfected...

Sphaerospora dicentrarchi and S. testicularis (Myxozoa: Sphaerosporidae) in farmed European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from Italy

Maria Letizia Fioravanti, Monica Caffara, Daniela Florio, Andrea Gustinelli, Federica Marcer

Folia Parasitologica 51[2/3] 208-210 (2004) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2004.024  

The distribution of Sphaerospora dicentrarchi Sitjà-Bobadilla et Alvarez-Pellitero, 1992 and S. testicularis Sitjà-Bobadilla et Alvarez-Pellitero, 1990, myxozoan parasites of European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.), was investigated in different farming systems in Italy. In total, 1406 fish were examined. High S. dicentrarchi prevalence was observed in all the farming systems involved in this survey (extensive farms: 51.5%; intensive farms: inland 59.6%, inshore floating cages 76.2%, offshore floating cages 41.6%) except for submersible cages (7.4%). S. testicularis was detected only in nine male...

The bathymetric distribution of the digenean parasites of deep-sea fishes

Rodney A. Bray

Folia Parasitologica 51[2/3] 268-274 (2004) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2004.032  

The bathymetric range of 149 digenean species recorded deeper than 200 m, the approximate depth of the continental shelf/slope break, are presented in graphical form. It is found that only representatives of the four families Lepocreadiidae, Fellodistomidae, Derogenidae and Hemiuridae reach to abyssal regions (>4,000 m). Three other families, the Lecithasteridae, Zoogonidae and Opecoelidae, have truly deep-water forms reaching deeper than 3,000 m. Bathymetric data are available for the Acanthocolpidae, Accacoeliidae, Bucephalidae, Cryptogonimidae, Faustulidae, Gorgoderidae, Monorchiidae and Sanguinicolidae showing that they reach deeper than 200...

Arlenelepis harpiprioni gen. et sp. n. (Cestoda: Dilepididae) from Harpiprion caerulescens (Vieillot) (Aves: Threskiornithidae) in Paraguay

Boyko B. Georgiev, Claude Vaucher

Folia Parasitologica 51[4] 327-332 (2004)  

Arlenelepis harpiprioni gen. et sp. n. (Cyclophyllidea, Dilepididae) is described from the plumbeous ibis Harpiprion caerulescens (Vieillot) (Ciconiiformes, Threskiornithidae) in Province Concepción, Paraguay. This cestode is characterised by a very small body (not exceeding 5 mm in length) consisting of about 30 proglottides, musculo-glandular rostellar apparatus, rostellar hooks arranged in two regular rows, few testes (7-10 in number) situated mostly in a post-ovarian group but one testis pre-ovarian, a large oval cirrus sac reaching antiporal osmoregulatory canals, massive cirrus armed with needle-shaped and thorn-shaped spines, long...

Ultrastructure of the apical glandular region of the scolex of Proteocephalus torulosus (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae)

Zdeňka Žďárská, Tomáš Scholz, Jana Nebesářová

Folia Parasitologica 51[4] 333-338 (2004)  

In the apical glandular region of the adult Proteocephalus torulosus (Batsch, 1786), two types of eccrine gland cells are present. The first type of unicellular gland produces large electron-dense granules of various sizes. The second type contains small electron-dense granules. Most cells form glands with large granules; glands with small granules are infrequent. The secretion of both types of gland cells is concentrated in the apical parts of the cyton and in the ducts opening to the exterior. On the scolex of P. torulosus, there are regional structural differences of the microthrix border. The apical glandular region bears filamentous...

New data on the morphology and systematic status of Spinitectus petrowi and Spinitectus gigi (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) parasitic in catfishes in central China

František Moravec, Pin Nie, Guitang Wang

Folia Parasitologica 51[4] 346-358 (2004)  

Two little-known nematode species of the genus Spinitectus Fourment, 1883, S. petrowi Belous, 1965 (prevalence 25%, intensity 1-8) and S. gigi Fujita, 1927 (prevalence 10%, intensity 2-3), were collected from the gastrointestinal tract of the yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (Richardson), from Liangzihu Lake, Hubei Province, central China, in September of 2002. The light and scanning electron microscopical examination of this material, supplemented by a few museum specimens of S. gigi collected from the catfish Clarias fuscus (Lacépède) in southern China, made it possible to study in detail the...

Failed attempt of Cryptosporidium andersoni infection in lambs

Martin Kváč, Oleg Ditrich, Martin Kouba, Bohumil Sak, Jiří Vítovec, Dana Květoňová

Folia Parasitologica 51[4] 373-374 (2004)  

Four lambs 4 months old were inoculated with Cryptosporidium andersoni oocysts (bovine isolate) in a dose of 5 × 10⁶ per animal followed later by 1 × 10⁷ oocysts per animal. No animal shed Cryptosporidium oocysts during 56 days post infection, no lamb showed clinical symptoms of cryptosporidiosis and no macroscopic changes were detected in the abomasum immediately after autopsy. Histological examinations did not demonstrate the occurrence of Cryptosporidium in the abomasum and other selected organs.

Role of the posterior vacuole in Spraguea lophii (Microsporidia) spore hatching

Ann M. Findley, Earl H. Weidner, Kevin R. Carman, Zhimin Xu, J. Samuel Godbar

Folia Parasitologica 52[1/2] 111-117 (2005) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2005.014  

Microsporidia constitute a large group of obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that inject themselves into host cells via the extrusion apparatus of the infective spore stage. Although the injection process is poorly understood, its energy source is thought to reside in the posterior vacuole that swells significantly during spore firing. Here we report the presence and localisation of the key peroxisomal enzymes catalase and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX) within the posterior vacuole of Spraguea lophii (Doflein, 1898) spores. Western blot analyses show that these enzymes discharge out of the spore and end up in the medium external to the extruded...

F. Moravec: Metazoan Parasites of Salmonid Fishes of Europe.

Vladimíra Hanzelová, Marta Špakulová

Folia Parasitologica 52[1/2] 196 (2005) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2005.025  

Academia, Prague, 2004. ISBN 80-200-1189-7, hardback, 510 pp. Price not given.

Fine structure of the male reproductive ducts, vagina and seminal receptacle of Cyathocephalus truncatus (Cestoda: Spathebothriidea)

Larisa G. Poddubnaya, John S. Mackiewicz, Magdaléna Bruňanská, Bahram S. Dezfuli

Folia Parasitologica 52[3] 241-250 (2005) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2005.032  

Fine structure of the vas efferens, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct with accessory glands and vagina with seminal receptacle is described in the spathebothriidean tapeworm, Cyathocephalus truncatus (Pallas, 1781) Kessler, 1868. The numerous well-developed prostate glands are characterised by having secretory granules with an electron-dense core surrounded by a matrix of lower electron density. Coalescence of the outer part of the granules with each other takes place in the terminal end of the secretory ducts. The position of prostate glands around the proximal part of the cirrus pouch and terminating in the ejaculatory duct is a characteristic...