Folia Parasitologica - Most viewed articles

The susceptibility of different gastropod species to the infection with Varestrongylus sagittatus (Mueller, 1890) Dougherty, 1945.

P Rezác

Folia Parasitologica 37[2] 141-149 (1990)  

The susceptibility of 11 species of terrestrial gastropods to the infection with Varestrongylus sagittatus has been studied under laboratory conditions. The gastropods Zenobiella umbrosa, Monachoides incarnata. Deroceras reticulatum, Cepaea nemoralis, Cepaea hortensis, Arion rufus, and Trichia hispida are new potential intermediate hosts of V. sagittatus. The highest susceptibility and the shortest period of development of the V. sagittatus larvae occurred in Succinea putris. The development of V. sagittatus larvae inside S. putris did not proceed at the temperature of 5 degrees C, but at 10 degrees C, 15 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 25 degrees C,...

Study on the population of the warble fly, Oestromyia leporina (Pallas. 1778) (Diptera, Hypodermatidae) in Bohemia.

P Volf, J Lukes, V Srp

Folia Parasitologica 37[2] 187-190 (1990)  

A new population of the warble fly, Oestromyia leporina from Western Bohemia is described. The parasite was recorded on Microtus arvalis and M. agrestis. The infection of offspring in the den did not occur.

Environment and host-parasite relationships in Monogenea.

A Lambert

Folia Parasitologica 37[3] 219-224 (1990)  

The interest of a new approach in taking up the problems of host-parasite relationships with environment is proposed in terms of population biology. Two different integrating levels are considered: a microenvironment that corresponds particularly to the host and a macroenvironment corresponding to the whole host-parasite system. Some examples are given that provide significant reasons in perceiving the biology of Monogenea under these aspects. To conclude we emphasize the importance of developing this new way for the study of hybrids models in relation to parental host systems.

INTESTINAL PARASITES - A STUDY OF HUMAN APPENDIXES

L CERVA, M SCHROTTENBAUM, V KLIMENT

Folia Parasitologica 38[1] 5-9 (1991)  

Histological sections of 414 appendices were examined parasitologically. Enterobius vermicularis was found in 8.7%, eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides in 0.5%, trophozoites of Dientamoeba fragilis in 4.8%, Endolimax nana in 2.2%, Entamoeba coli in 1% and cysts of Giardia intestinalis in 1.9% of cases. Appendicopathies associated with Enterobius were most frequent in the age group from 6 to 10 years (24.3%) and from 21 to 25 years (12.2%). Patients older than 15 years were practically women only. Dientamoeba was most frequent in the age group from 11 to 15 years (11.3%). In women D. fragilis was three times more frequent than in men. The coincidence of D....

STUDIES ON TICKS OF VETERINARY IMPORTANCE IN NIGERIA - INTRINSIC-FACTORS INFLUENCING OVIPOSITION AND EGG-HATCH OF AMBLYOMMA-VARIEGATUM UNDER NATURAL CONDITIONS

OO DIPEOLU, AO AMOO, OA AKINBOADE

Folia Parasitologica 38[1] 63-74 (1991)  

During the peak of rains of 1983, 1984 and 1985 in the forest zone of Nigeria, female Amblyomma variegatum engorged to various weights were subjected to different experiments for the purpose of observing the intrinsic factors which influence oviposition and egg-hatch under natural conditions. Two types of oviposition patterns were observed. New terms were introduced to quantify the relationships between the daily weight loss and daily number of eggs oviposited by a tick. These terms are

OCCURRENCE OF AEDES-AEGYPTI (L) AND CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS SAY (DIPTERA, CULICIDAE) IN HOUSES OF DIFFERENT CONSTRUCTIONS IN PHNOM-PENH, KAMPUCHEA

M KOHN

Folia Parasitologica 38[1] 75-78 (1991)  

The relation between the number of mosquito specimens of the most abundant species Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say and the construction of houses which they inhabited was studied. The effect of the building materials and of the height at which the floor was situated above the ground were assessed in five and four localities, respectively. It was found that in the localities having the character of a town the mosquitoes were most abundant in houses constructed from corrugated plate and in those the floor of which was situated 2-3.5 m above the ground. In the locality of a village character, the mosquitoes were most numerous in brick...

A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS GYRODACTYLUS NORDMANN, 1832 (MONOGENEA) FROM GOBIO-GOBIO (L)

R ERGENS

Folia Parasitologica 38[1] 83-85 (1991)  

Gyrodactylus dykovae sp. n. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) is described from the fins of the freshwater fish, Gobio gobio (L.) (Cyprinidae), from the Rokytna' River near Moravsky' Krumlov, Czechoslovakia. This species is most related to G. gobii Shulman, 1953 from which it differs by possessing more robust anchors with considerably larger shaft and by the morphology of the hook proper of marginal hooks.

EXPERIMENTAL-VERIFICATION OF THE EFFECT OF CONSTANT AND CHANGING WATER TEMPERATURE ON THE MICROPOPULATION GROWTH IN GYRODACTYLUS-GOBIENSIS GLASER, 1974 (MONOGENEA) PARASITIZING GUDGEON (GOBIO-GOBIO L)

M GELNAR

Folia Parasitologica 38[2] 123-131 (1991)  

It has been verified under laboratory conditions that constant and changing water temperature markedly affects the micropopulation growth in Gyrodactylus gobiensis parasitic on the body surface of gudgeons (Gobio gobio L.). At a water temperature of 12-degrees-C, the number of gyrodactylids gradually increased up to the mean value-of 63 specimens per host, which was reached on days 27-28 after experimental infection. At a constant temperature of 18-degrees-C, the parasites completely disappeared from the bodies of infected fishes on days 15-20 p.i. A similar effect was produced by gradually increasing temperature from 12 to 18-degrees-C, while the...

ISOSPORA-CORVI RAY, SHIVNANI, OOMMEN AND BHASKARAN, 1952 FROM THE COMMON HOUSE CROW (CORVUS-SPLENDENS VIEILLOT) OF SELANGOR, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

S K POON, W K CHEW

Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 201-208 (1991)  

Faecal samples of 56 common house crows (Corvus splendens Vieillot) were collected from the Petaling Jaya and Kelang districts of Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia, and examined for coccidia. Intestinal tracts of 8 of the above crows were histologically examined under light microscopy to determine the site of coccidial infection and the endogenous stages present. Fifty three (94.6 %) crows had coccidial oocysts morphologically conforming to only one species of Isospora in their faeces at the time they were examined. The sporulated oocysts were found to be Isospora corviae (Ray et al. 1952) which has been emended to I. corvi. These oocysts are redescribed...

DEVELOPMENTAL CYCLE OF RUBENSTREMA-EXASPERATUM (RUDOLPHI, 1819) (TREMATODA, OMPHALOMETRIDAE)

J BUSTA, V NASINCOVA

Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 209-215 (1991)  

The developmental cycle of the trematode Rubenstrena exasperatum (Rudolphi, 1819), a common parasite of insectivores of the family Soricidae, is described here for the first time. The first intermediate host in nature is the snail Planorbarius corneus. Metacercariae encysted experimentally in larvae of the mosquito Culex molestus; exceptionally, these were found encysted in daughter sporocysts. Adult specimens of R. exasperatum were found after experimental infections in the hamster Mesocricetus auratus. Daughter sporocysts, cercariae, metacercariae and adults are described in detail.

COLONIZATION OF ASCARIS-LUMBRICOIDES EGGS BY THE FUNGUS VERTICILLIUM-CHLAMYDOSPORIUM GODDARD

H LYSEK, J STERBA

Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 255-259 (1991)  

The process of colonization of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs by the fungus Verticillium chlamydosporium was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The preparations were made by fractionation of egg suspension exposed to the fungus for four days and frozen in liquid nitrogen according to Sterba and Milacek (1986). Ovicidal fungus forms an abundant ramifying mycelial network in the area between the eggs. However, egg-shells are penetrated only by some hyphae without any penetration organs produced (simple hyphal penetration). In a liquid medium, after penetration, hyphae inside the eggs rapidly grow among inner structures of egg-shells and on the surface...

RESISTANCE LEVELS OF 9 MOSQUITO SPECIES TO 4-PERCENT DDT IN PHNOM-PENH, KAMPUCHEA

M KOHN

Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 261-268 (1991)  

According to the standard WHO method criteria, the mosquitoes Anopheles campestris and Culex vishnui were found to be susceptible to DDT in the territory of Phnom Penh. An. vagus and An. sinensis were approximately at the limit of susceptibility and the remaining five species (Aedes vexans, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. gelidus, Cx. bitaeniorhynchus) were found to be more or less resistant. Except for An. vagus, the males of all species were more susceptible than the females.

IMMUNE-RESPONSE OF THE LONG-TAILED FIELD-MOUSE (APODEMUS-SYLVATICUS) TO TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS INFECTION

J KOPECKY, E TOMKOVA, M VLCEK

Folia Parasitologica 38[3] 275-282 (1991)  

The immune response following infection with a virulent strain of Central European encephalitis (CEE) virus in a natural host, long-tailed field mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus L.) and white laboratory-bread ICR mouse, was compared. Viraemia was demonstrated in ICR mice after intraperitoneal infection with a dose of 10(5) LD50/0.5 ml. The virus titres were high in the spleen and, particularly, in the brain. In A. sylvaticus the virus was detected in the blood and spleen, but not in the brain. CEE virus multiplied in peritoneal macrophages from ICR mice, but not from A. sylvaticus. The infection induced a strong interferon response in both hosts. The natural...

AONCHOTHECA-MORAVECI SP-N (NEMATODA, TRICHURIDAE), A NEW NEMATODE FROM THE LONG-FINGERED BAT, MYOTIS-CAPACCINII, IN SPAIN

J G ESTEBAN, S MASCOMA, J L OLTRAFERRERO, P BOTELLA

Folia Parasitologica 38[4] 319-326 (1991)  

A description is made of a new trichurid species of the subfamily Capillariinae, Aonchotheca moraveci sp. n, parasitizing the stomach of the long-fingered bat, Myotis capaccinii (Bonaparte, 1837), in Spain. The male presents two caudal lateral alae, a membranous caudal bursa supported by two forked expansions, a spicule 405-536-mu-m long and a non-spiny spicular sheath. The female has a vulvar appendage and the egg-shell surface presents a fine striation, only scarcely appreciable at the polar plugs.

PRELIMINARY OBSERVATION OF THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SOME FRESH-WATER SNAILS TO THE INFECTION WITH VARESTRONGYLUS-SAGITTATUS (NEMATODA, PROTOSTRONGYLIDAE)

P REZAC

Folia Parasitologica 38[4] 375-378 (1991)  

Under laboratory conditions, the freshwater snails Galba truncatula (Mull.), Radix peregra (Mull.) and Planorbarius corneus (L.) have been successfully infected with the first stage larvae of the protostrongylid nematode Varestrongylus sagittatus (Mueller, 1890) Dougherty, 1945. The net rate of the infection (mean number of larvae per snail examined - 1/s) was 6.2 l/s in R. peregra and 3.5 l/s in P. corneus. G. truncatula was susceptible to the infection too (36.3 l/s). However, this result can be considered as pilot only, because of the low number of the specimens of this species examined. At 25-degrees-C 50 % of V. sagittatus larvae reached the 3-rd...

LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ACTINOMYCETE ISOLATE AGAINST TOXOCARA-CANIS

ALDOORI M, ALTAE AA, JALIL S, HASSAN SA

Folia Parasitologica 38[4] 379-382 (1991)  

A soil isolate of actinomycete, strain S-70, revealing presence of plasmid(s) was placed in the genus Streptomyces according to the wall composition and morphology. The toxicity of S-70 grown on two fermentation media, glucose-asparagine broth (GAB) and malt extract-yeast extract broth (MYE), against infective larvae of Toxocara canis was assessed. The use of mortality test has provided a sensitive and reproducible bioassay. The results suggest high larvicidal activity of the Streptomyces crude products examined being highly potent when using GAB culture medium.

THE LIFE-CYCLE OF EIMERIA-DANAILOVI FROM DUCKS

PECKA Z

Folia Parasitologica 39[1] 13-18 (1992)  

The life cycle of Eimeria danailovi Grafner, Graubmann et Betke in experimentally infected ducks was studied by optical microscopy. The asexual generation developed in the posterior part of jejunum and in the whole ileum. The sexual stages occurred in jejunum and ileum, and, in addition, in cecum and colon. All endogenous stages were localized in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells in the apical and basal parts of villi. Two generations of meronts were found to develop, differing from one another in the number of merozoites. The meronts of the first generation were observed 2 days post infection (DPI) and contained 10-14 (on the average 11) merozoites....

PROBABILITY DESCRIPTION OF REGULATION ON THE LEVEL OF POPULATION AND INDIVIDUAL IN THE HOST-PARASITE SYSTEM USING ESTRUS-OVIS (DIPTERA, OESTRIDAE) AS AN EXAMPLE

A G BART, J MINAR

Folia Parasitologica 39[1] 75-83 (1992)  

A scheme of a mixture of normal laws of weight distribution in Oestrus ovis L. larvae of various stages was used for the determination of their mortality and for the evaluation of basic distribution parameters. No mortality was observed in 2nd- and 3rd-stage larvae. The distribution of the number of 1st-stage larvae corresponds to the negative binomial law. The weight distribution correlates with the quantitative distribution of the 1st-stage larvae. The present studies are based on the results obtained during the investigations of ovine oestrosis in Stavropol Territory of the RSFSR and the Kalmyk ASSR performed by K. A. Breev and his coworkers in 1976-77.

LIFE-CYCLE AND ULTRASTRUCTURE OF EIMERIA-STIGMOSA, THE INTRANUCLEAR COCCIDIAN OF THE GOOSE (ANSER-ANSER-DOMESTICUS)

PECKA Z

Folia Parasitologica 39[2] 105-114 (1992)  

The oocyst morphology and endogenous development of Eimeria stigmosa Klimes 1963 in a domestic goose (Anser anser domesticus L.) was studied using light and electron microscopy. The oocyst wall consisted of two layers. The outer layer formed densely accumulated protrusions, whilst the inner layer was smooth and formed a collar structure around the micropyle. Meronts were observed in the posterior part of the jejunum, along the whole length of the ileum and in Meckel's diverticulum within 1-4 days post infection (DPI). Sexual generation was found in the caecum and colon 4-5 DPI. All endogenous stages were located intranuclearly in enterocytes, predominantly...

ARTHROPODS IN A HOSPITAL AND THEIR POTENTIAL SIGNIFICANCE IN THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HOSPITAL INFECTIONS

DANIEL M, SRAMOVA H, ABSOLONOVA V, DEDICOVA D, LHOTOVA H, MASKOVA L, PETRAS P

Folia Parasitologica 39[2] 159-170 (1992)  

Synanthropic and other arthropods were collected and examined for microbes in the summer seasons of 1988 and 1990. The collection was performed in a Praque hospital with departments situated in separate buildings, each surrounded by a park. In 1988, the most attention was given to flies (35 species collected) found outside between the buildings. In 1990, all arthropods found inside the buildings (particularly in the departments of dermatology and urology) were studied. A total of 30 taxons were identified. The microbes found on the bodies of arthropods were isolated in both seasons. In 1990, the hospital environment and biological material from patients...

TOXOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES IN SERA OF HIV-INFECTED PERSONS

SYKORA J, ZASTERA M, STANKOVA M

Folia Parasitologica 39[2] 177-180 (1992)  

The sera of 67 HIV-infected persons without clinical signs of Toxoplasma gondii infection and sera of 777 immunocompetent persons from three distinct regions of Czechoslovakia were examined for the presence of toxoplasmic antibodies using the complement-fixation test (CFT). Additionally Toxoplasma positive HIV+ individuals were re-examined for the presence of IgG and IgM toxoplasmic antibodies by ELISA methods. Results show that overall prevalence of toxoplasmic antibodies is not significantly greater in HIV-positive subjects (29.8 %) than in the general population (26.1 %). Similarities between these two tested groups were also documented by a close...

THE DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN FRESH-WATER AND MARINE FISH TRYPANOSOMES BY LECTIN AGGLUTINABILITY

ZAJICEK P, LUKES J

Folia Parasitologica 39[3] 195-200 (1992)  

The agglutinability of three fish trypanosomes, Trypanosoma boissoni and T. triglae senegalensis from marine fish, and T. carassii from freshwater fish was compared. The tests were performed with trypomastigotes and epimastigotes in the exponential and stationary growth phases. The simple agglutination test, performed in microwell plates, used ten purified lectins, and revealed a clear difference between marine and freshwater strains when compared for their agglutinability with the HPA lectin. Whereas the cells of T. boissoni and T. triglae senegalensis became strongly agglutinated by this lectin, those of T. carassii remained unagglutinated in the...

STUDIES ON PROTOZOAN PARASITES OF AUSTRALIAN FISHES .1. NEW SPECIES OF THE GENERA COCCOMYXA LEGER ET HESSE, 1907, ORTHOLINEA SHULMAN, 1962 AND KUDOA MEGLITSCH, 1947 (MYXOZOA, MYXOSPOREA)

LOM J, ROHDE K, DYKOVA I

Folia Parasitologica 39[4] 289-306 (1992)  

Four new myxosporean species are described from marine fishes collected at the New South Wales coast of Australia. Coccomyxa meridiei sp. n. lives in the gall bladder of Herklosichthys castelnaui, and C. tenuiparies sp. n. infects the gall bladder of Heteroclinus whiteleggii. In both species, the polar filaments run at first straight down the polar capsule before forming threads beneath the capsule wall. Ortholinea australis sp. n. infects the hepatic ducts and gall bladder of Acanthopagrus australis and Rhabdosargus sarba. It forms large plasmodia up to 1 mm in size greatly distending the biliary ducts. Kudoa ciliatae sp. n. infects the smooth muscle...

BIOMETRIC VARIABILITY OF PROTEOCEPHALUS-NEGLECTUS (CESTODA, PROTEOCEPHALIDAE) IN 2 DIFFERENT AGE-GROUPS OF THE RAINBOW-TROUT FROM THE DOBSINA WATER RESERVOIR (EAST SLOVAKIA)

HANZELOVA V, SPAKULOVA M

Folia Parasitologica 39[4] 307-316 (1992)  

The variability of 24 morphological characteristics in Proteocephalus neglectus La Rue, 1911, a parasite of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)) was studied. Specimens of two morphologically clearly distinguishable types formed the metapopulation (hostophenote) of P. neglectus. The cestodes from type A (isolated from smaller, younger fish) were mostly no longer than 50 mm, the mature and gravid segments in almost all of them were more long than wide, contained small number of larger testes and an ovary with wide elliptic lobes. The cestodes from type B (isolated from larger, older fish) tended to be more than 50 mm long: the typical segment...

STRONGYLOIDES-OPHIUSENSIS SP-N (NEMATODA, STRONGYLOIDIDAE), PARASITE OF AN INSULAR LIZARD, PODARCIS-PITYUSENSIS (SAURIA, LACERTIDAE)

ROCA V, HORNERO MJ

Folia Parasitologica 39[4] 369-373 (1992)  

The parasitic female of the nematode Strongyloides ophiusensis sp. n.. fund in the intestine of lizard Podarcis pityusensis (Bosca, 1883) from Balearic Islands (West Mediterranean), is described. This species differs from other similar Strongyloides species in the body size, the morphology of the stoma, the structure of the ovaries and in the stage of development of the eggs, and also in some ecological and chorological characters.

Pericardium of Garra rufa (Pisces: Cyprinidae) as the site of infection of Cucullanus larvae (Nematoda)

F. Moravec and Z. I. F. Rahemo

Folia Parasitologica 40[2] 145-146 (1993)  

Isolation of a rickettsial organism (Eperythrozoon) from mice during virological testing of ixodid ticks.

Hubálek Z, Juricová Z, Halouzka J, Sebek Z

Folia Parasitologica 40[2] 157-159 (1993)

A strain of Eperythrozoon (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) was isolated from suckling SPF mice (SM) inoculated with a homogenate of nymphal Ixodes ricinus (L.) ticks. The strain, passaged in the SM brain, was partially filterable through a 220-nm Millipore membrane, moderately sensitive to diethylether, and pathogenic for SM while no symptoms were observed in inoculated adult mice or male guinea pigs. A conspicuous cytopathic effect was produced in PS and SPEV (embryo pig kidney) stable cell lines. Both the cell cultures and SM could be used for the infectivity titration of the agent.

Immunoreactive proteins of Acanthocheilonema viteae (Nematoda: Filarioidea) adults: solubilization on various detergents

S. Misra, D. P. Singh, N. Fatma and R. K. Chatterjee

Folia Parasitologica 40[3] 231-235 (1993)  

The phospholipids in Enterocytozoon bieneusi: an electron spectroscopic imaging study

I. Desportes-Livage, F. Harper, I. Hilmarsdottir, Y. Benhamou, C. Ombrouck and M. Gentilini

Folia Parasitologica 40[4] 275-278 (1993)  

Cryptosporidial infection, with special reference to nosocomial transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum: a review

D. P. Casemore, C. A. Gardner and C. O´Mahony

Folia Parasitologica 41[1] 17-21 (1994)